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I finished another chapter of Kafka's 'The Castle', too, although I am finding it slow going; I have to agree with Bamberg in the I.B. Singer story 'A Friend of Kafka' that it's "very interesting, but what is he driving at? It's too long for a dream. Allegories should be short." In the preface to 'The Collected Stories' (1983), Singer warns that the "verbal pitfalls of so-called 'experimental' writing have done damage to even genuine talent", and I agree. Singer doesn't name names, but he might well have Kafka in mind, and almost certainly Joyce.

The translator's introduction to my edition of 'The Castle', by Mark Harman (1998), faults the earlier effort of the Muirs: "The literary sensibility of Edwin Muir, the primary stylist, was molded by nineteenth-century figures such as Thackeray and Dickens, and he had little sympathy with contemporary figures such as Virginia Woolf and James Joyce. He had this to say about Ulysses: 'its design is arbitrary, its development feeble, its unity questionable.'" And I would probably agree with Muir. Harman cites this quote as a point against his predecessor Muir, but it only reminds me (reading the volume now a quarter-century later) that nothing stays "modern" forever, and that 'Ulysses' and 'The Castle' - both dating from 1922 - are over 100 years old. What still sounded edgy and "modern" to an academic in the 1990s now sounds old-fashioned. Let Harman preserve Kafka's run-on sentences and comma splices, by all means, in the interests of being true to the work and the author's style; but it is this very "modernness" itself that makes the work sound dated. [270]
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I was re-reading Agnon's 'A Book that Was Lost' (the story, in the collection of the same title) this morning. The first part of the story involves events that transpired maybe a century before the narrator's lifetime; so the narrator is effectively in omniscient, rather than first-person, mode here. We may assume that he pieced together the events of Rabbi Shmaria's absent-minded encounter with the bookbinder (and with the manuscript of the then-new Machtzit ha-Shekel, which R Shmaria believed eclipsed his own work) from circumstantial evidence or from oral history from the townspeople.

My first take-away on this story, speaking as an IT professional, is: This is why you always back up your data before you send your media out!

But the thing that jumps out for me about this story is the theme of self-doubt: R Shmaria, thumbing through R Kolin's work, immediately concludes that his own work of 12 years was a wasted effort and abandons the ms. on the counter of the bindery; and the young narrator, eager as he is to restore R Shmaria's work to its rightful place, sends it off to Jerusalem without copying it, apparently on the assumption that he himself will never see Jerusalem - even though he is busying himself with Zionist journals and activism.

I think there's a key in the narrator's observation that "every man who does not live in the Land of Israel is put to the test whether he is worthy of settling in the Land of Israel" (and likewise for Jerusalem itself). (This might also be a key to understanding 'Agunot', where Ezekiel makes aliyah to Israel and Jerusalem - seemingly a good thing - but for the wrong reasons, because of Ahiezer's slight against the existing community there; so the result is tragedy.) R Shamaria's doubts about the value of his own work are seen to be unfounded, as everyone who reads it - "[the narrator's] father, my teacher of blessed memory, and ... other scholars" - agree that it's a fine and worthy work; but all of this comes much too late to do poor R Shmaria any good. And the narrator's own younger self, even as he reads 'Hamitzpah' and writes poetry about Jerusalem, cannot really envision a future in which he himself will make the journey to Jerusalem to deposit the precious manuscript in the Ginzei Yosef archive; instead, he entrusts the manuscript to the post office. (Didn't even get a tracking number.) And - spoiler alert - the manuscript never arrives in Jerusalem; it is lost forever.

The narrator, now firmly settled in Jerusalem, attests that he has made many trips since then to the archive in search of the manuscript, but it has never been found. There's an ironic reversal in the ending of the story: the curator tells him that "due to lack of funds, piles and piles of books are lying around that still haven't been given out for binding". And yet the whole reason the manuscript was written (as well as the better-known Machtzit ha-Shekel) was to serve as an exposition for the classic work Magen Avraham - which is "obscure and enigmatic due to overabbreviation. For though a man of great learning, he was poor, without the means to buy paper ... and when a piece of paper came into his hands, he would compose his thoughts and jot down their essence in extremely concise language." So the problem went from being not enough paper (due to lack of funds) to too many books (due to lack of funds).

So at the end of the story, the "book that was lost" is never found, but the narrator does settle in Jerusalem, where he had long dreamed (even if with perhaps imperfect faith) of settling. How did he overcome whatever doubts he might have had? He tells us: "I can't tell whether the poems of Zion and Jerusalem brought me to Jerusalem or whether it was my longing for Zion and Jerusalem that brought me to compose poems about them." In either case, the narrator perceives a direct causal connection between the expression (in writing) of the wish, and its manifestation. [684]
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"And God said, 'Let there be lights in the firmament of the heavens, to distinguish between the day and the night; and they shall be for signs and seasons, and for days and years." - Genesis 1:14.

"He counts the number of the stars, to all of them He calls by name." - Psalm 147:4.

Nowadays I don't think we usually think of the science of astronomy as proceeding directly from mathematics (or vice versa). We might think about observing the stars with a telescope in the backyard and of learning the constellations; or we might think about the nuclear fusion process that powers the stars, having learned something about it from a book or a science documentary on televison. We might think about space explorers in science and science fiction, and how man harnessed the power of the rocket to overcome gravity and explore space. If you were to ask me to design a scheme to organize books, I might start the sciences with Mathematics, and then go to Physics, and maybe I'd put Astronomy after that. But the Library of Congress system - designed by John Russell Young and Herbert Putnam at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century - puts Astronomy (QB) immediately after Mathematics (QA); Physics (QC) comes after that.

The astronomer Fred Hoyle explains (Astronomy, pp. 10-11) that if man had not been able to observe the sun, moon, and stars, he might not ever have evolved the idea of the compass directions, time, geometry, or mathematics itself. Mathematician Jacob Bronowski (The Ascent of Man, p. 165) agrees: "Why did astronomy advance as a first science ahead of medicine? ... A major reason is that the observed motions of the stars turned out to be calculable, and from an early time ... lent themselves to mathematics. The pre-eminence of astronomy rests on the peculiarity that it can be treated mathematically; and the progress of physics, and most recently of biology, has hinged equally on finding formulations of their laws that can be displayed as mathematical models." When speaking of mathematical models in the life sciences, Bronowski is undoubtedly thinking of the skull of the Taung child, which led to JB's own interest in the broader evolution of science.

It was Isaac Newton's Principia Mathematica which formulated the basic principles, not only of astronomy or of physics, but of mathematics itself (calculus) - prompted by a visit from the young Edmond Halley (TAOM, p. 233).

And when you think about it, astronomy, like mathematics, is not only in the heavens, but it is a thing very near to you. If you want to look at Mars with that backyard telescope, you've got to know where to aim it; and that entails learning how to use astronomical charts and right ascension and declination and sidereal time. And all of that, in turn, means thinking mathematically about your place in the universe. And not just with a telescope: understanding the cycles of the moon, and even the times of sunrise and sunset - that's astronomy too. And all of it proceeds from understanding the basic fact that you are standing on the surface of a sphere that is spinning and orbiting in space.

And even the measurement of that sphere leads us to mathematics (geometry, or geo-metry, the measurement of the Earth). And that brings us back to "universals of experience. There are two experiences on which our visual world is based: that gravity is vertical, and that the horizon stands at right angles to it." (TAOM, p. 157.) [589]
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'A Fine and Private Place' is the first published book, and first novel, by Peter S. Beagle. Written and set in 1958, it is a love story set in a graveyard. The main characters are Jonathan Rebeck, who left his career as a pharmacist and now dwells, with no living companions, in Yorkchester Cemetery; the recently widowed Mrs. Klapper, who meets Jonathan in the cemetery and strikes up a friendship with him; Michael Morgan, a recently deceased professor; and Laura Durand, also recently departed. Other characters include a cynical raven, who brings Jonathan food and news of the outside world; and Campos, the guard, who works from midnight to eight (literally the graveyard shift) and who plays an important role in the ending of the story.

In the world of 'Fine and Private Place', the ghosts of the deceased linger on the earth - confined to the limits of the cemetery - for about a month or two before they finally transition to wherever it is that their spirits go next. (Jonathan Rebeck is one of the few living people able to see and converse with the ghosts.) What stays on, temporarily, after death is the person's own memory of who he or she was - the body, the clothing, the experiences, the feelings. And it is during this short-lived period after death that the ghosts of Michael and Laura meet and fall in love.

FPP is a love story, but it's also a bit of a mystery. There are questions around the circumstances of Michael's death: Michael says he was poisoned by his wife, but the widow and her lawyer insist it was suicide. And the future of Michael's romance with Laura depends on the outcome of the widow's trial, because if she is found innocent, Michael will be judged a suicide, his body will be exhumed from the Catholic cemetery, and his relationship with Laura will be sundered forever.

I loved the book, and it kept my attention to the end, although I found the pace uneven at times. Chapters 11 and 12 should have been the pivotal chapters: the couple finally confess their love for one another (over and over, in fact), and Michael's killer finally confesses to the crime. But I found the writing and the dialog longwinded and tedious here, and the characters started to lose my sympathy. But the final chapters, 13 and 14, rescued the story for me and made it a very memorable and worthwhile book.

Peter S. Beagle is probably best known for his third book (and second novel), 'The Last Unicorn'. His grandfather was the Hebrew writer Abraham Soyer, and his uncles were the painters Moses, Raphael, and Isaac Soyer. You can hear the writer's native ear for Jewish dialect in the heavily Yiddish-inflected dialog of Mrs. Klapper (with generous use of the subjunctive "should", as in "you want I should ... ?").

Also less well-known is that he is a folk musician/singer, which plays an important role in his second book (an account of his cross-country trip with his good friend, artist and fellow musician Phil Sigunick). His love of folk music will be very much in evidence in 'The Last Unicorn'.

Now 86 years old, Beagle is, thankfully, still very much in the world of the living. Following a long legal dispute, he finally regained creative control of his works. Most of his books are now available in print, e-book, and audiobook. You can visit Peter Beagle's homepage Beagleverse [https://beagleverse.com/] for the latest on the writer.

I'm now working on Beagle's second book, 'I See by My Outfit', and enjoying it greatly.
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TIN MARSH by Michael Swanwick, 2006; in 'The Very Best of the Best' by Gardner Dozois, 2019. On the hellish surface of the planet Venus, two contract laborers in life-support suits make one another's lives a true hell. Once fond of one another, their prolonged confinement together has driven them into madness of mutual hatred. They are prevented from harming one another only by a set of Asimov-like laws enforced by neural implants. It is like the most dysfunctional marriage ever. When a freak accident disables his implants, allowing him to do as he pleases, she becomes his prey as he chases her, both in their automated life-support suits, across Venus.

The story combines adventure, problem-solving, and psychological drama as MacArthur and Patang's long-pent-up hostility plays out on the alien landscape. We have to wonder if the presence of the behavior-control systems exacerbates the humans' frustration and rage. Many details of the setting - the iron furniture, the exorbitantly priced drinking water (cf. Lamentations 5:4), and the ever-present eye of the bureaucracy - contribute to the atmosphere of total oppressiveness. The story is worth reading to the end for its very satisfying conclusion.
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THE LITTLE GODDESS, Ian McDonald, 2005; in 'The Very Best of the Best' by Gardner Dozois, 2019. The introduction in the anthology describes the story as being set in "a future India" which is partially correct. In fact, the story begins and ends in the narrator's native Nepal; the cultural differences between this tradition-bound mountain kingdom and its larger, fast-paced neighbor are significant in the near-future world of the story. The tale is character-based SF in the best tradition, with the narrator's character taking charge of her own life using the available technology.

The present tale appears to be part of a larger fictional world envisioned by McDonald. Here, futuristic sci-fi and exotic (to the Western reader) elements co-exist with mundane details like the narrator's past trauma (the death of her uncle) and persistent schizophrenia.

The story ends at a literal crossroads between the old and the new. In the end, she chooses the mundane over the grandiose, and we see that the emphasis in the story title is on the word "little": "Ours shall be a little divinity, of small miracles and everyday wonders. ... I shall be a little goddess."
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PATRIOTS by James Wesley Rawles. Set in the area of Moscow, Idaho, following an economic collapse, this story follows Todd Gray and his community of fellow survivalists as they adapt to life after "the Crunch", fend off brigands, form an alliance with a neighboring group, and eventually do battle with globalist-backed forces. Rawles is sometimes seen as the godfather of the modern-day prepper movement, and is the author of two nonfiction books on survivalism.

DISSOLUTION by W. Michael Gear. This story follows Sam Delgado and a group of archaeology students at a site near the Tappan Ranch in northwestern Wyoming, as they receive news of a worldwide banking collapse and subsequent foreign military attacks on the East and West Coasts. The students-turned-survivalists bond with one another and with the Tappans, learn how to survive in a changed world, and finally defeat the warlord Edgewater. The author is one half of the O'Neal-Gear writing team, who published 'People of the Wolf' and many other works of fiction. In both setting and date of composition, 'Dissolution' (published in 2021) is much later than POTW, the Gears' debut novel of 30 years earlier, which follows a band of Paleo-Indians as they hunt mammoths in ice age North America. Interestingly, both stories feature a pair of estranged twins (Runs In Light and Raven Hunter in POTW, Brandon and Breeze in Dissolution), and both books stress the theme of a single people that has become tragically divided.

I am not an expert on survivalist matters, so I'll confine my comments to the ordinary reader's perspective. I found both 'Patriots' and 'Dissolution' to be well-written, engaging stories that keep you involved in the plot and the characters. In 'Patriots', the main characters are mostly college-educated professionals and full-time preppers; the cast of 'Dissolution' is a group of students and others mostly thrown together by fate. Both books begin with the premise of an economic collapse.

'Patriots' is more expository in its style, serving both as entertainment and as a prepper's manual, so you're going to encounter long lists of gear and how-to passages that don't necessarily advance the pace of the plot. 'Dissolution' is the work of an accomplished novelist, and I felt the characters were more complicated and ambiguous. Both stories end on a satisfying "good guys win, bad guys lose" note, but I found 'Dissolution' somehow much darker. In 'Dissolution' as in POTW, the explicit descriptions of violence and carnage are infrequent, but they are there and they are very graphic; and the protagonists struggle with internal demons that are not so evident in 'Patriots'.

One thing that weakened 'Dissolution' for me was the constant editorializing by the author (ostensibly expressed through the journal of one of the characters), which is largely a tiresome litany decrying the "division" in American society while taking great pains to avoid favoring one side or the other. So we have speeches directed against "the Republicans, the Democrats, the religious right, the social progressives, Antifa, QAnon" and blah blah blah. It sounds too much like a glib politician who wants to be seen as condemning this generic "extremism" thing without taking a position on anything.

So, both books had their strengths and their weaknesses, but I enjoyed them both and I'm glad I read 'Patriots' and 'Dissolution' - and I'm looking forward to reading the sequels ('Survivors' and 'Fourth Quadrant' respectively).
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https://alexperez.substack.com/p/the-ideal-literary-editor

'My ideal literary editor is someone interested in all of America and wants to read as many different American stories as possible. There are hundreds of different Americas, and I want them represented in the books I read. I want urban stories and suburban stories; I want to read about rural folks and southerners and even the annoying rich people on the Upper East Side; I want to know what’s going on in Native American reservations and the inner city and every American locale in between. This is a selfish desire, because I’m genuinely interested in America and its people; I think tons of readers—and writers—have the same desire, but they’re not currently being served by the mainstream literary marketplace. We want to know what’s happening outside the big cities and the “cultural” centers over-represented in literary fiction. It’s a massive, beautiful, strange, infuriating country, and I want to know all about it. ...

The ideal literary editor is drawn to American messiness and rejects the bubbles. He understands that America is the land of Elvis Presley and James Brown and Ralph Ellison and Dusty Rhodes and Bob Dylan and Barry Hannah and Joan Didion and Tonya Harding and Dennis Rodman and so many other messy, unclassifiable freaks. He understands that America’s magic comes from its messiness, and any to attempt to constrain it, is pure folly. ...'

Go to the link to read the whole, magnificent thing.
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PEOPLE OF THE WOLF (O'NEAL-GEAR): to Chapter 45. The People (the POV tribe in the story), led by Wolf Dreamer's aggressive twin brother Crow Caller, launch their first retaliatory attacks against the enemy tribe. The younger men get their first taste of violence and cruelty, and find that they like it. The passing of two beloved figures forces both Wolf Dreamer and Dancing Fox to make difficult choices. The shaman Heron, in her final vision, glimpses a warm land to the south - an alien landscape filled with strange creatures. Meanwhile, Ice Fire, the shaman of the enemy tribe, harbors a disturbing secret - and a mystical connection.

KING OF THE VAGABONDS (STEPHENSON): to Saxony, April 1684. Jack encounters an ostrich in Oesterreich, and makes his getaway from the Siege of Vienna with Eliza, whom he has liberated from a harem. Jack reveals the nature of an unfortunate accident that has left him short-changed in the romantic department. He and Eliza roam the Bohemian countryside through the winter of 1683 - '84, subsisting on a limited diet that leaves Eliza weak. Eliza, smuggling the precious ostrich plumes, hatches a plan to buy mining shares. They travel to Leipzig, where they meet a certain scholar, "the Doctor", who is working on certain mathematical discoveries rivaling those of the Englishman Newton. The Doctor is everything Newton is not - urbane, sophisticated, a ladies' man (which Newton definitely is not), and able to enjoy a trashy romance novel with the best of 'em.

Stewart (Calculus, 9th ed.) states that Leibniz "sought to develop a symbolic logic and system of notation that would simplify logical reasoning. In particular, the version of calculus that he published in 1684 established the notation (dy/dx) and the rules for finding derivatives that we use today." The priority dispute between Newton and Leibniz is one of the main themes of Stephenson's Baroque Cycle.
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I do not read Damon Runyon in my life until this week. But now I am more than somewhat hooked.

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